Problem
Given the following reaction: 3H2(g) + N2(g) ←→ 2NH3(g) + 22 kcal heat energy. What is the heat of reaction for the reverse reaction? What would you do to the temperature, pressure, and concentrations of the reactants and products to shift the equilibrium so that more ammonia is made?
Solution:
The ΔH for the reverse reaction will have a positive sign because the reverse reaction is endothermic. The ΔH is equal to + 22 kcal. To shift the equilibrium to make more ammonia, start by adding more hydrogen
gas and nitrogen gas because having more reactants present will make more products. Because the heat energy is a product, you do not want to add heat. You would have to lower the temperature to remove the
heat so that the reaction will shift to the right in an effort to replace the heat. Because there is a total of four volumes of gas on the left and two volumes of gas on the right, an increase in pressure will favor the production of ammonia because it is the side with fewer volumes of gas.
Chemistry problem and solution - Reaction rate
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